The Concept Of Narcissism And Its Elements - 2720 Words

Chapter 3: Methodology This qualitative research has taken an analytical approach, aiming to reduce the concept of narcissism to its elements and to study in detail how one’s own image construction is represented in a digital environment, incorporating the phenomenon of the selfie culture. Qualitative research, being rich, multi- dimensional and complex (Alasuutari, P., 1995) allows the in- depth exploration of the rhetoric of the self and the self- constructs in a technoculture and makes sense of the phenomenon of the human- machine connection and the creation of virtual realities that bears problematical ideas of digital narcissism. The position that this research has taken is a constructivist epistemological as it provides an adaptive,†¦show more content†¦The field of Internet studies, a rapidly- developing area, requires rethinking of the research methods. By the use of qualitative online ethnography the experiences and the reality that lead to the creation of particular subjectivitie s through constructing oneself online as opposed to others was examined. In itself this project is a qualitative research about self- disinhibition and self- construction in a digital environment and selfie culture and therefore the attention needs to be put on a multitude of grounded ideas, meanings, symbols and social practices, which digital ethnography can provide (Hine C. 2000). By answering the questions, how do social media affects the organisation of social relationships and what are the implications for authenticity, authority and representation as well as how identities are performed and experienced would help for the full understanding of the phenomenon of the alienation of the human and the problematic relationship with technology. Digital, virtual methods as opposed to more traditional methods can also make a distinction between the online and the offline and validate any possible boundaries between the two, which is what this project was aiming to do. In a nutshell, the applied netnography is: â€Å"participant- observational research based in online fieldwork. It uses computer- mediated communication as a source of data to arrive at the ethnographic understanding and representation of a cultural

Nikes beginning history and success. - 1356 Words

Nike: The Beginnings The Nike Corporation originated from two sources, Bill Bowermans quest for lighter, more durable racing shoes for his Oregon runners, and Phil Knights search for a way to make a living without having to give up his love of athletics (Hincker 1). Their ideas and actions within Nike have radically changed the way sports, business, and popular cultures interact. This influence is seen best through the history of Nikes formation in its beginning years. The concept that would eventually lead to Nikes existence began on a rather small scale. While getting his MBA at Stanford, Phil Knight realized the business opportunities within high quality, low cost shoes produced in Japan and shipped to the US for distribution.†¦show more content†¦He helped create variations within Nike products, and a market to sell those variations. His underlying concept of improving the performance of serious athletes greatly influenced the decisions made to the companys products. Nike would never have become the company it is now without the sound business decisions of Phil Knight. His ingenious concept of using Japans resources for production started the companys initial existence. Knight was the first businessman to allow retailers to preorder inventory. This revolutionary business decision soon became standard among other businesses. Through Knights effective publicity and marketing of the Cortez, Nike was able to take leaps and bounds from its humble beginnings. Knight started small and subtly, working Nikes way slowly in massive popularity and commercial exposure. Knight also saw the possibilities of expanding Nikes product line from its running background. From this expansion, Nike was able to encompass not only different sports, but also incorporate casual-wear into their product line. Because of its unconditional beginnings, the mentality of Nike formed around the principles of being a company focused on serious athletes. As time has progressed, it has fervently stayed true to its values towards its athletes. NBA rookie Michael Jordan signed for Nike in 1985, paving the way for the launching of the new Air Jordan shoe line. This marked new transition in Nike. ItsShow MoreRelatedNike Case Study1494 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction: This paper is a case study of Nike Inc. I will give a brief overview of the history, products, company goals, company challenges, financial report and sourcing strategies. My main sources of information are internet databases, company annual reports, and financial articles. Company Overview: Nike Nike incorporated, the worlds leading designer and marketer of authentic athletic footwear, apparel, equipment, and accessories for a wide variety of sports and fitness activitiesRead MoreCompetitive Analysis Of Nike Vs. Nike1497 Words   |  6 Pagesdifferentiate its products by means of high technology, quality products and expending responsibility towards the environment and society. †¢ Technological Transforming the resources to high quality products at a low cost is one of the foundations for Nike’s success in the industry. It continues to be at the top because it exploits the technology to the best to get high end products. Innovation is one of its strategies in creating enhanced products when compared to its competitors. It is also the factor thatRead MoreHow Globalization And Technology Changes Have Impacted The Corporation You Researched1233 Words   |  5 Pagesset out to reinvent athletic footwear. They wanted to improve upon one pair of running shoes called Onitsuka Tiger. Nike were more than distributors; they joined forces to design ideas and create better footwear (Vogel Garcia, 2012). The beginning of Nike’s innovation stirred up a creative vision for a company with more than globalization and technology. The company decided to embed sustainability with finance and product teams taking a greater role in the development process. Later, labor practicesRead MoreNike ( Nyse : Nke )1851 Words   |  8 Pagesa strong history of consistent revenues and profits, which it is poised to continue in the future, and is a global power in its industry, Nike’s recent acquisition of Converse is driving up stock price. In the eyes of Graham this would be an unattractive investment. However, if the gap between stock price and intrinsic vale were to close, I believe this company to be a solid long-term investment in the eyes of Buffett. Catalysts Innovation and brand recognition are Nike’s two strongestRead MoreNike- Managerial Case Study4914 Words   |  20 Pagesathletic shoes, equipment and apparel. Nike has invested highly on marketing. It has signed exclusive and expensive marketing deals with some of the worlds top athletes to promote its products. Nike’s marketing campaigns featured winning athletes as spokespeople, and winning teams as an indication of Nike success. Nike enjoys a strong competitive position. It is always innovative and produces high quality products with superior technology. Nike products are sold in about 110 countries worldwideRead MoreAnalysis of Nike Inc.9194 Words   |  37 Pagesthe association between the brand name and its famous endorsers, such as Tiger Woods and Michael Jordan. Alternatively, it may be Nike’s cutting-edge sporting vision and technology that entrances multitudes of consumers. Quite conceivably, it is a combination of these factors that has propelled Nike to the top of its industry. However, not the entire of Nike’s story is ideal. In recent years, the company has faced criticism in connection with its use of contract labor in developing nationsRead MoreA001426205 Bellamy Charles STMK Essay2945 Words   |  12 Pagesbenefit. Strategic marketing requires the continual analysis of environmental variables critical to a company’s long-term success. The aim of this discussion is to use the case study Nike – The art of selling air, to analyse challenges encountered by the company and how marketing principles developed in this subject could be, or were, applied to address them. The paper will explore Nike’s historical foundation and the marketing concepts and strategies which helped establish Nike as the world’s leadingRead MoreNike- Managerial Case Study4930 Words   |  20 Pagesathletic shoes, equipment and apparel. Nike has invested highly on marketing. It has signed exclusive and expensive marketing deals with some of the worlds top athletes to promote its products. Nike’s marketing campaigns featured winning athletes as spokespeople, and winning teams as an indication of Nike success. Nike enjoys a strong competitive position. It is always innovative and produces high quality products with superior technology. Nike products are sold in about 110 countries worldwide. TheRead MoreNike Marketing Report2495 Words   |  10 Pages The purpose of this report is to use concepts, models and theories to critically assess and evaluate Nike’s digital marketing activities. Within the report models such as the Marketing Mix and Assofs Matrix are used to demonstrate the importance of Nike’s digital campaigns and evaluate their validity. The report begins with an introduction to Nike as a company; this is a brief history into how the company was conceived. After this we explore different product ranges Nike have to offer andRead MoreEssay on Nike: Moving Beyond Sweatshops1779 Words   |  8 Pagesgreat of time, money, and resources to ensure that they are fulfilling their ethical duty, and achieving the highest standards of ethical responsibility. Because of Nike’s efforts to maintain their ethical integrity, Nike is a good corporate citizen. Nike’s motto says that Nike Inc was founded on a handshake. Their goal from the beginning was to build business with their partners based on trust, teamwork, honestly, and mutual respect. â€Å"Nike has a commitment to management practices that respect the

Confession free essay sample

You’ve never stood in a crowded admissions office after touring five colleges in three days, have you? So, I was bored. I was sleep-deprived. And maybe it was not the most super mature thing to do, but it’s not as if anyone consciously noticed. I admit it, I was not standing there with my hands folded, awaiting directions. Or rather, that was not all I was doing. I was yawning. Yes, I know, the eighth of the Seven Deadly College Tour Sins. Horror of horrors. But I was bored. And you know that show on TV with the guy with the mustache who does science experiments? Well, he did one to test whether yawns were contagious. And standing there, feeling oh-so-small in this great big building that looked as if it had grown out of the ground, a building that was so sure when I was so completely unsure, I needed to do something. We will write a custom essay sample on Confession or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Leaning against the perfect walls and shrinking away behind 200 people who could all out-vocab me, out-think me, out-write me, and outright take my spot, get my admissions envelope, the fat one that starts with â€Å"We are pleased to inform you †¦Ã¢â‚¬  and not the skinny one †¦. I had to. Standing there, I had to effect change, remind myself that I could still influence people, even in this room of paneling and bookcases where I was, at best, â€Å"nothing special.† So I did it. I take full responsibility. I yawned. And the guy with the mustache was right. Two girls who could kill me on a field hockey field, one guy who could write a better term paper than me, two parents who would put the proud bumper sticker on their cars, and one admissions officer yawned. Sometimes you just have to remind yourself that you exist.

Key Strands Essay Example Essay Example

Key Strands Essay Example Paper Key Strands Essay Introduction Outline the key strands of the sociology of work! The term work is expressed as performing duties involving the use of psychological and physical energy, for the purpose of the manufacture of goods and services in order to achieve an individuals needs (Gedden’s 2008). There are six key areas of thought in the sociology of work these include â€Å"managerial psychologist†, Durkheim systems†, Interactionist†, Weber Interpretivist†, Marxian and â€Å"Post structuralise and Post Modern† (Watson 2008). Sociology is defined as the examination of the connections which grow between individuals as they are arranged by others in cultures and how these patterns are affected by the interactions of individuals around them (Giddens 2009). The Managerial – psychologist strand is a significant area to grasping the concept of the growth of industrial sociology as it offers a type of reasoning and thinking. Scientific management and Psychological humanism are both separate methods of reflecting on work and are both linked to advise managers on how they should integrate with their employer’s and arrange EEs duties (Watson 08). Both of these methods focus on requests of human nature and don’t distinguish the variety of options for work arrangement and indiv’s may select to familiarize themselves by taking into consideration their primary aims in life (W-08). The main interest of each method is to control scientific styles to ID the procedures of influence. Scientific management which was discovered by F. W Taylor is related with the â€Å"deskilling and degradation of labour (Giddens 09). Key Strands Essay Body Paragraphs Scientific management involves the evaluation by employers of all duties which need to be done effectively and the organisation of jobs by managers to attain full practical distribution of work through progressive breaking up of jobs. It divides the preparation of labour from its implementation; it limits the demanding of qualified staff and keeping learning on the job periods to a small amount (w-08). It decreases resources managed by operators and the division of planned responsibilities from direct or beneficial tasks. Scientific management uses such plans as supervisory systems to organise these divided features and the labour of the deskilled EE’s. It encourages the use of motivation compensation schemes both to strengthen and support an EE’s involvement in the workforce. However this type of management handles ER-EE dealings at a distant level. Psychological humanism debates that EE’s should attain organisational competence not through the elimination of wo rkers to work related decision-making but by inspiring their contribution in it. This can be achieved by workers participating more by establishing their own aims, tasks being developed by minimising the time managers spend observing and scrutinising EE’s and encouraging more approachable relationships by introducing more team orientated tasks. McGregor categorised the scientific management type of method, by stating that there is two key theories â€Å"theory x and theory Y†. Theory X mainly identifies workers who do not enjoy work and escape it as much as they can; they lack commitment and determination, dislike taking charge of their duties and prefer to be told what to do by their manager instead of taking initiative. They also wish for security and see it as their main objective. Theory Y workers enjoy work and see it as a type of fulfilment they are motivated and committed to the job. Maslow introduced a â€Å"hierarchy of needs† model which demonstrates 5 sets of requirements which people own and as one accomplishes the needs at one level they then wish accomplish the needs of the next in order to motivate them. The Durkheim Systems Strand defines that there is a refusal in the second strand to comprehend social structures through an emphasis on human individ’s and the allocation of their requirements. This Strand focuses on the forms of relationships which occur among individ’s rather than on the people. Emile Durkheim created the discipline of sociology and its significant figure in sociology. He was the first ever sociologist to become a professor of the science of education and sociology. He focused heavily on the area of science and over emphasised on the reality of independence and externally existing society. Durkheim outlined the divisions of labour by distinguishing between mechanical forms of solidarity and organic solidarity. He disagreed with â€Å"psychological reductionism† displaying that even an issue like suicide has to be understood in terms of the level of the individual’s interactions with others and taking their psychological state into account. Durkheim examined the significance of â€Å"Social currents Social Facts† in society. An important term outlined by Durkheim is Anomie which is a form of social breakdown in which the standards that would normally occur in a particular situation does not operate. Elton Mayo (1880-1949) was greatly inspired by Durkheim’s work and created the concept of the Human Relations School. The Hawthorn Studies was started in Chicago by examining the effects of workshop lighting had on workers productivity. It concluded that the close interests shown in the workers had brought the group together as a team and increased commitment motivation and collaboration. In â€Å"Systems Thinking† these are societies which are viewed as if they were independent bodies controlling energy and resources with the environment t o live. Systems thinking are valuable in its importance on arrangements and outlines in social life. It is therefore a beneficial style to psychologist methods to explanation. Though, it faces the risk of exaggerating to unusual outlooks. The Interactionist Strand was established by the Chicago school of Sociology which created a clear influence to the sociology of work and organisations. â€Å"Symbolic interactionism† is the study of social interactionism which concentrates on how people grow their perception of themselves through developments communications in which symbols such as words, signs and clothing let people to comprehend the prospects of others. Consciousness of self is essential through captivating on the role of other, mainly what are called â€Å"significant others† that we study about the expectations which others have of us. This helps us in deciding what role we will play in any given situation. Likewise by taking the part of the other mainly what ar e called â€Å"significant others† that we study about the others which others have of us. As we work our way through life we observe a variety of what are defined as reference sets and we identify a sequence of circumstances which present individuality on us we are said to abide by a subjective job. Subjective career† is the way an individual understands the approach they have progressed through numerous societal situations in their life. Interactionism has also added to how we appreciate work groups as a â€Å"negotiated order†. Negotiated order is the arrangements of actions which occur over time as a result of the interaction of the numerous benefits, considerations, responses and creativities of the groups in a society. â€Å"Ethnomethodology† is the examination of how normal followers of civilization in their daily lives see the world as significant by achieving a sense of â€Å"taken for grantedness†. Ethnomethodology may be recognised as loo king at interactionist insights their reasonable conclusion. The interactionist strand of the sociology of work and industry clearly pays great attention to individ’s and their role in social life and it focuses on people and their function in life. The Weber – Interpretivist Strand of sociological thinking takes into account both the animated action of the person and inquiries of alteration from the past. Max Webers studies have been misjudged and distorted. At the start of his investigation it tries to achieve an explanatory comprehension of an individ’s behaviour, the second part of his studies states that individ’s who are being studied think in casual terms about what they are doing and because they based their actions on certain rationally based assumptions of regularities in the world. â€Å"Paradox of consequences† is the means selected to attain ends in social life to overthrow those ends. â€Å"Rationalism† is a tendency in social alteration where traditional standards of achievement are substituted by technical standards. Orientation to work illustrates the meaning attached by individ’s. â€Å"Social Construction of reality† is a method in which people, through traditional collaboration, make sense of the world- a world that may well occur outside language but in which can only and expressed by people through linguistic founded processes of cultural understanding. â€Å"Institutional entrepreneurs† states that individ’s with important means and securities are capable to stand back from current official preparations. Marx and Engels produced the â€Å"Marxian Strand† and it is of the most significant notions of social life ever made obtainable to those attempting to create some kind of systematic sense of the contemporary industrialising domain. It believes that human beings attain the richness of their humanity through their work. Under capitalism workers are required into an unequal association with the owner of money to who they market their labour power. Marx believes that it is the quantity of the economic base which explains a society. The â€Å"capitalist labour process† plans, controls and observes the work duties and activities by employers acting as representatives of the â€Å"capital owing class to surplus value† from the work actions of EE’s. The biggest influence of the thoughts of Marx on modern industrial sociology has without a doubt been through the routine of his idea of the labour process to grow a outlook which joins interests in EE performance, employment dealings and queries of labour strategies and establishment. The final strand of this school of thought is the â€Å"Postmodernist perspective and Post structuralism† it is a method which refuses efforts to form descriptions of history and human movement and focuses on techniques on how individ’s create an innovative world. Modernism is a way of handling the world based on the concentration of rational and scientific analysis to social, political organisations to greater control over the world and resulting in the progress in the condition of directing individ’s. Subjectivity is the concept that individ’s are continually advancing in various situations of what their role is and their identity in society. Postmodernism is an approach of observing the world and related claims that the world is progressing into a new method of postmodernity. Conclusion: These strands focus on how we see the world, understand.. Add own conclusion. We will write a custom essay sample on Key Strands Essay Example specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Key Strands Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Key Strands Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

The American revolutionary war essays

The American revolutionary war essays The American Revolutionary War is the most important historic event in the United States. Many groups of people were affected by this war, and one of then was the Native Americans. The American Revolution was not a revolution for the Indians because they were constantly losing land to the white men before, during, and after the war. Before the war, the Indians had to move many times from their territory. For example, the Proclamation of 1763 sought to limit the conflicts between Native Americans and English settlers by prohibiting the British to move into Indian land. However, settlers continued to move into the region beyond the Proclamation limits. The settlers were violent with the Indians living in that land. In addition, the British thought the Native Americans were standing in the way of their progress. They wanted the land to raise cotton and for settlement. Some tribes were removed from their territory without any respect. Furthermore, the government acquired Indian territory to sell it to other colonies or rich white men. The Indians did not understand the concept of owning land, so they had to move. Every time the Native Americans left their land was very hard for them because of their kids and they did not have any food. The situation the Indians were in was very frustrating and made t hem to take action to try to resolve it. The Native Americans took action in the American Revolutionary War. For example, many tribes joined the Revolutionary War. The British promised them land or to keep their territory if they joined the fight. The Indians were so desperate to have their land that they agreed with the British. In addition, the land promised to the Native Americans was given to some of the colonies. The tribes were either moved or send to the west. The English people lied to the Indians and used them to have advantage in the war. Furthermore, in the Preliminary Articles of Peace o...

Compare and Contrast the American and French Revolutions

Compare and Contrast the American and French Revolutions Both the American and French Revolutions were focused around liberty and equality. Both countries were trying to gain freedom. America was trying to gain freedom from the rules and taxes put upon them by Great Britain. Whereas the French wanted to abolish the French monarchy and create a better government in which the people could have more of a say in society. Although the revolutions of both started for very similar reasons, and both countries fought for the same thing, the outcomes of the two were very different.The American Revolution was mainly focused on gaining independence. After the British victory during the Seven Year War, America was tied down from the British rules. America was obligated to pay off the war, and to pay the high taxes that British Parliament assigned. The British enforced the Stamp Act on the Americans. The stamp tax levied taxes on commercial and legal documents, such as, diplomas, pamphlets, newspapers, almanacs, dice, and playing cards.This (attributed to ) originally appeared during t...

The Corporate Governance Scenario in the UK With Focus on Banks Essay

The Corporate Governance Scenario in the UK With Focus on Banks - Essay Example As mentioned earlier the area of corporate governance is of great importance and focus in the world of business today. â€Å"Most academics, business professionals, and lay observers would agree that CG is defined as the general set of customs, regulations, habits, and laws that determine to what end a firm should be run. Much more fraught, however, is the question: â€Å"what defines good corporate governance?† (A Closer Look at Business Edition: Corporate Governance. 2006). Corporations unlike its smaller counterparts like sole proprietorships, partnerships, and small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are much larger and hence more complex to govern. Even though no owner or partner can avoid the concept of good governance, the consequences of a smaller firm going under due to poor practices are much lower when compared to large corporations. One of the main reasons is that the number of stakeholders who are affected is comparatively huge in the case of corporations. In this cas e, the stakeholders will comprise the employees, the shareholders, the local governing bodies, the creditors, other contractual partners, any subsidiaries and branches, the national government, management or board of directors, and the principal owners (if any). Poor governance can affect each one of these sectors in a big way. In some localities, the economy of that place may be dependent on the performance of its principal employer, a corporation. The economy will be badly affected if such a huge employer finds itself in the red and lays off all its employees.

History - Enlightenment and Modernity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

History - Enlightenment and Modernity - Essay Example The author notes that in order to mobilize an insurrection against absolutist governments during the eighteenth century French revolution, it was necessary to enlighten minds ceaselessly, through a newspaper that would spread in all directions. The author imagined that French easily achieve the project of spreading great political principles if the intrepid friends, enlightened by liberty, could unite, communicate their ideas to each other, and compose their works some place where they could print them and distribute them throughout the world. Printing and publishing were thus not only the most important cultural mechanisms for spreading the enlightenment ideas; printing and publishing were the embodiment of enlightenment in action; the medium was the message – spreading light. The author further notes that throughout the eighteenth century, printing became the most prevalent means of communication. Gradually limitations from governments and church among other authorities fade d off, as more entities that are private begun operating businesses to cater for the rising demand of written materials. Commercialization of the printing business created new concerns about authorship and enhanced the process of enlightenment by far. In his book ‘enlightenment: Britain and the creation of the modern world’, Roy Potter explores the issue of enlightenment in respect to innovations and changes in scientific, social, political and pysio-theological discourse. According to his evaluation, enlightenment is the core thing in propagating these changes that bolster innovations to higher levels. Political and socio-economic well-being moves to newer fronts thanks to innovations motivated by enlightenment. Enlightenment thereby comes out as an avenue through which the society explores better livelihoods, equality and economic independence. Alan kors address the issue of enlightenment in the long-term, describing it as the third phase of modernization in Europe, t hrough giving a chronological account of events and moments defining enlightenment. Of great interest, is the way the author tackles issue of divergence and consensus in relation to enlightenment. The text analyses enlightenment in reference to religion, politics, science, social sciences, and imaginative literature. The emphasis here is on taunting for coexistence and harmony in diversity as a show of enlightenment. Adversary and hostility are among the negatives that enlightenment seeks to dispel from societies. Further, the author explores enlightenment in respect to public institutions and identities. Intellectual maturity of enlightenment coincided with the growth of activism and revolutions in Europe, a fact that promoted its legacy. Enlightenment comes out as a liberator for the communities that had for a long time remained in closed systems. In her text, Dorinda addresses enlightenment as a global phenomenon that preceded great social changes. Slavery and hustles for freedom are the new features of enlightenment that the author brings forth in this new edition. The fight for freedom and unceasing desire to end slavery globally take the centre stage, with the author drawing attention to how enlightening the masses induced a sense of entitlement to basic rights and freedoms. Norman Hampson argues that the dominant concern for enlightenment thinkers is amelioration, rather than root-and-branch reform, arguing that at best the

Mental Disorder and Mental Health Problems Essay Example for Free

Mental Disorder and Mental Health Problems Essay This unit aims to provide the learner with knowledge of the main forms of mental health problems according to the psychiatric classification system. Learners also consider the strengths and limitations of this model and look at alternative frameworks for understanding mental distress. The focus of the unit is on understanding the different ways in which mental health problems impact on the individual and others in their social network. It also considers the benefits of early intervention in promoting mental health and well-being. Credit Level 3 3 Assessment criteria The learner can: 1.1 Describe the main types of mental ill health according to the psychiatric (DSM/ICD) classification system: mood disorders, personality disorders, anxiety disorders, psychotic disorders, substance-related disorders, eating disorders, cognitive disorders 1.2 Explain the key strengths and limitations of the psychiatric classification system see more:psychiatric (dsm/icd) classification system 1.3 Explain two alternative frameworks for understanding mental distress 1.4 Explain how mental ill health may be indicated through an individual’s emotions, thinking and behaviour 2. Know the impact of mental ill health on individuals and others in their social network 2.1 Explain how individuals experience discrimination due to misinformation, assumptions and stereotypes about mental ill health 2.2 Explain how mental ill health may have an impact on the individual including: a. psychological and emotional b. practical and financial c. the impact of using services d. social exclusion e. positive impacts Learning outcomes The learner will: 1. Know the main forms of mental ill health 2.3 Explain how mental ill health may have an impact on those in the individual’s familial, social or work network including: a. psychological and emotional b. practical and financial c. the impact of using services d. social exclusion e. positive impacts 2.4 Explain the benefits of early intervention in promoting an individual’s mental health and well-being Notes for Guidance In learning outcome 1, assessment criterion 1, learners are asked to describe ‘the main types of mental ill health according to the psychiatric (DSM/ICD) classification system’. Learners should demonstrate knowledge of how types of mental health are categorised by their main signs and symptoms and how the system attempts to draw a line between mental health and mental disorder. Learners do not need to demonstrate detailed knowledge of each form of disorder within each category.

Managing Information Systems :: essays research papers fc

Communication, some say, separate us from animals. But not just communication, being able to communicate ideas and concepts and in turn make them into reality. For years businesses have had to distribute written memos and other paperwork to their fellow employees in order to spread their ideas. In the changing world that we live in today this concept of spreading ideas is slowly fading. Communication is spread throughout the globe in a matter of minutes through the use of computers and modern technology. We can communicate over thousands of miles or just a couple of floors with only the click of a button. But with this new found way of communicating comes the confusion of what to do with all this information, how best to utilize it, and how to regulate it. This paper will look into those questions and what actually makes up this new virtual world that we are creating for ourselves called cyberspace. In the 1950’s and 60’s the fear of nuclear attack was constantly on the minds of the American people and the government. The government therefore developed a corporation called RAND that they put in charge of making a network that could be protected from nuclear attack and could guarantee that we could still fire our own nuclear missiles in our defense. Soon major schools and corporations threw their hats into the race for a network in which information could be sent electronically. Throughout the seventies a couple of schools developed their own network in which they could communicate with each other and devices were designed to make networks within offices possible using a technology called Ethernet. Throughout the eighties the newly designed internet was mainly used by science foundations, colleges, and the government as they worked together with growing computer and telephone companies to help advance the technology. It wasn’t until the early nineties when the I nternet started to look the way it does now, with the first Internet society and the founding of the World Wide Web in 1991. Since then the Internet has been growing, getting faster, and finding its way into more and more peoples lives every day. Over 2.7 trillion e-mail messages alone were sent in 1997 (Nickels,Mchugh 508). Keeping that in mind it is easy to see why we need managers in order to keep this information from cluttering up systems and getting lost in the hectic world today.

Nevada on the Move of Importing Prescription Drugs

Assembly Majority Leader Barbara Buckley heads on the plan to import prescription medicines from Canada. Backed by other officials, cause-oriented groups, unions, doctor’s associations, and senior citizens, she together with other lawmakers, are now pushing to finalize the regulations to enable Nevadans to purchase drugs from Canadian drugstores which are lower-priced and more economical. The legislation is eyeing to implement the law by April 20 of this year. In line with this, Attorney General George Chanos has taken a stand to further modify the current rulings with regards the issue at hand. He said that possible federal Food and Drug Administration directives may be violated, resulting to legal consequences. Buckley, also the chief sponsor of the program, is headstrong to obtain the approval. She vows to work in achieving authorization as she claims to consider of her constituents who purposely go to Canada just to buy their daily medicinal needs. The final elements of the legislation are now being scrutinized by the board to meet the set deadline. These sections being worked on are the accreditation procedures of the Canadian pharmacies allowed to market medicines within the state. It is also required that these pharmacies have toll-free phone lines,   e-mail access, and the ability to get in touch with their customer’s doctor in cases the latter can’t present a valid prescription. The board is also looking at the guidelines as to when, where, and why the pharmacy can decline a purchase. The law also states that generic Canadian drugs can not be sold except when sold also in the same generic form in their country. The rules ensuring the safety of the drugs are being prioritized as well. The Canadian drugs cannot enter the state unless approved by the US Food and Drug Administration and Health Canada. It is assumed the people of Nevada will not only be benefited from the cheaper drugs that will soon be available to them. The regulation also aims to control unauthorized websites that are selling drugs to the US; drugs that are not tested safe and effective by the proper US health departments. The law also seeks to castigate agencies, companies, and individuals who are pursuing illegal prescription drugs importations within the constituency. It is not a secret that a lot of US citizens are actually flying to Canada or are getting their medicine from Canadian sources. Buckley aims to regulate these transactions, make it legal if it is, while still protecting the interests and rights of the people, particularly the Nevadans. Activists against the law on the other hand, would like to postpone the ratification until after every single detail is straightened out. They are pushing for lawmakers to launch a special session with regards this particular law. Those who on the pro-implementation side believe changes can be done in the regular legislative session next year. Currently, the vote stands 4 to 3 favoring the execution of the new law. http://www.lasvegassun.com/sunbin/stories/nevada/2006/mar/01/030110077.html http://hosted.ap.org/dynamic/stories/N/NV_CANADIAN_DRUGS_NVOL-?SITE=NVCAP&SECTION=STATE&TEMPLATE=DEFAULT&CTIME=2006-04-20-20-06-12                        

Closing the Gap Between Science and Ethics Essay

The rapid development of nanotechnologies has already become the distinctive feature of the postmodern technological reality. Societies live in the atmosphere of the rapid technological advancement, and new technological achievements and small revolutions are no longer a surprise. Nanotechnologies have a potential to become the source of revolutionary waves in contemporary society. The effects of such revolutions, however, will depend on how well the existing scientific, political, economic, and social institutions can mediate the society-nanotechnology relationships and whether they can promote public acceptability and positive expectations regarding nanotechnology. The current state of science is characterised by the growing gap between nanotechnologies and ethics. Equity, privacy, security, and environmental aspects remain the issues of the major scientific concern. Today, professionals in nanotechnology need to reconsider the basic standards of their scientific performance and develop effective cooperation frameworks, which will help societies meet their ethical needs and will speed up the integration of nanomaterials with all spheres of human development and growth. In his article, Douglas Parr asserts that nanotechnologies are likely to produce a revolutionary wave of innovations in society. That nanotechnologies are breaking the ice of scientific illiteracy in the postmodern society cannot be denied. To a large extent, nanotechnologies mark the beginning of a new stage in the society’s movement toward scientific and human perfection. Recent advancements in nanotechnology confirm the need for the scientific community to develop effective cooperation ties with the rest of non-scientific population, and there are several reasons for that. First and foremost, research and advancement in nanotechnologies have resulted in the major advances in material science, microscopy, and better understanding of the borderline between quantum and classical physics, which produce significant effects on society. Second, nanotechnologies will lead to a major revolution and produce serious scientific and social shifts in society. Third, the most developed countries readily integrate nanotechnologies with their innovation systems and consider nanotechnologies as the basic driver of wealth creation. Fourth, numerous nanotechnology applications will be introduced into the market. In this atmosphere, society must familiarise itself with the recent advances in nanotechnology. Moreover, society must realise that nanotechnologies can be equally good and bad. As a result, the question is in how to obtain the good of nanotechnologies without the bad and whether it is possible at all. Unfortunately, the current state of nanotechnologies makes it difficult for scientists and society to distinguish the good effects of the nanotechnological revolution from its negative implications. The problem is not only in that â€Å"debates about nanotechnology from governments have been dominated by the simple metric of the amount of money being put into nanotechnology for international competitiveness reasons. † The problem is in that a large gap between ethics and nanotechnologies exists and influences negatively the development of the postmodern science. The number of scientific publications on nanotechnologies rapidly increases, but the number of publications that discuss ethical and social implications of nanotechnologies is at least scarce. The funds available for ethical research in nanotechnology are not being used. The lack of effective dialogue between granting bodies, research institutes and the public may turn nanotechnologies into the source of devastating effects on society. More often than not, research institutes and public bodies do not realise that nanotechnology is associated with a whole range of ethical issues. These issues cover equity, security and privacy, ethical implications, and even metaphysical questions. One of the first questions is who will benefit from nanotechnologies and how these benefits are to be distributed among society members. Nanotechnologies have a potential to reduce and resolve the most difficult social controversies, including poverty and animal species extinction; however, this is possible only in case the products of scientific evolution are managed properly. Security and privacy are also among the issues of serious scientific concern. Nanotechnologies will contribute to the development of radically new weapons and surveillance systems; and people must decide how it will protect individual privacy against the presence of near invisible surveillance mechanisms. The effects of nanotechnologies on the environment are yet to be discovered. The incorporation of artificial materials into human systems requires profound ethical and social analysis. To ensure that nanotechnologies work for the benefit of the whole society, a close dialogue must exist between research institutions and the public. Such dialogue will allow prioritising the most important areas of technological research. Such dialogue will also let scientists justify the choice of the most important research areas against direct determinations of societal and public aspirations in these areas. Social and ethical implications of NT research are easy to address through appropriate funding, the development of large-scale interdisciplinary research platforms, intersectional approach, the involvement of developing countries in NT research, as well as the continuous engagement of the public in all major aspects of NT evolution. These changes will reduce the negative potential of nanotechnologies and will turn them into a successful instrument of meeting the most sophisticated society needs. Conclusion The rapid development of nanotechnologies has already become the distinctive feature of the postmodern reality. Unfortunately, the current state of nanotechnological research is characterised by the growing gap between science and ethics. Society lacks resources needed to familiarise itself with the bad and good sides of nanotechnologies and to reduce their negative potential. Today, scientists must engage in a close dialogue with the public and actively engage the public into NT evolution and research. Appropriate funding, interdisciplinary research platforms and intersectional analysis will help to reduce the existing gap between nanotechnologies and their ethical implications. BIBLIOGRAPHY MNYUSIWALLA, A. , DAAR, A. S. & SINGER, P. ‘Mind the gap’: Science and ethics in nanotechnology. Nanotechnology, 14: 2003: R9-R13. PARR, D. Will nanotechnology make the world a better place? Trends in Biotechnology, 23(8): Aug. 2008: 395-398.

psychological analysis of A Cry in the Night essays

psychological analysis of A Cry in the Night essays Deceiving is the first word that comes to mind when thinking about this novel. Throughout this novel, many things and many people are very deceiving. Mary Higgins Clark, who is a very talented author who resides in Saddle River, New Jersey, wrote A Cry In The Night. She is described as the Queen of suspense, which fits her very well; this novel was filled with suspense from beginning to end. A Cry In The Night started off with a calm heart warming plot, with a rich talented artist coming in and sweeping a struggling single mom off her feet. Jenny MacPartland, the main character was working at an art gallery in New York City owned by Mr. Hartley. She was setting up, and stepped outside the gallery to view one of the artists paintings in the window. As she stood mesmerized by Memory of Caroline she stepped back and unknowingly bumped into the man that would change her life forever. She spun around and saw Erich Krueger, the artist whose work was being exhibitioned. After the fun fille d day she spent with him, she thought her life would be making a dramatic turn for the good, or so it seemed. But her good friend Fran said it best, hes too perfect, implying that underneath his perfect guise was something wrong. She was right, but it wasnt just wrong, it was horribly wrong. This report will examine and scrutinize the novel from a sociological view. The analysis will include the values, status, role conflicts, and relationships of the main character, and the cause, classification, norms broken, and sanctions of the deviant character. A cultural trait is the smallest element in a culture. A cultural trait can be material like a tangible object or non-material like an action, superstition, or belief. Two extremely important and highly representative material traits from the novel are Erichs hockey stick and his mothers green nightgown. The hockey stick was fir...

How to Make Pure Sand (Silicon Dioxide) in a Lab

How to Make Pure Sand (Silicon Dioxide) in a Lab Sand that you find on a beach consists of several minerals and organic matter. If you could separate out the impurities, you would have pure sand, which is silica or silicon dioxide. Here is how to prepare pure sand yourself in the lab. It is an easy project that only requires a few chemicals. Ingredients for Sand sodium silicate (make sodium silicate yourself)sodium bisulfatewater Make Pure Sand Mix together 5 ml sodium silicate solution and 5 ml water.In a separate container, use a glass stirrer to mix 3.5 grams sodium bisulfate into 10 mL of water. Keep stirring until the sodium bisulfate dissolves.Mix the two solutions together. The resulting gel that forms at the bottom of the liquid is orthosilicic acid.Place the orthosilicic acid into a heat-safe glass or porcelain dish and heat it over a burner flame for about 5 minutes. The orthosilicic acid dries to form silicon dioxide, SiO2, which is your pure sand. Sand is non-toxic, but it presents an inhalation hazard since the small particles could become trapped in your lungs if inhaled. Therefore, enjoy your sand, but dont play with it like you might with natural sand.

Personal statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 21

Personal Statement Example I want to apply the ONE-YEAR MBA under the full-time MBA. The program is more different and useful to me when I decide to go further with my education. This program is the perfect opportunity for me to show off what makes me special, it is perfectly reasonable for the school to do the same. I want to change my major to MBA and this is on the basis of what I believe is best for me. The main reason for my MBA is so that I can get managerial skills. I took 2 internships before I studied my undergraduate. The reason I did was because of my father. He wanted to know what I wished to do and also how it would help everyone in the long run. That’s why I chose Finance major and Management Science Minor. In addition, during my study time, I took two banks internship at the Bank of China and Zaozhuang Bank to practice the learning from my major. After doing the internship at the bank, I want to know that what I had learnt, and also the knowledge that I need in order to improve the one I have. The third internship experience tells me what I need to learn in my graduating year, and makes me have a clear career goal (Stelzer, 1997). Ever since I was young, my parents challenged me to strive to achieve more in the future and I have always followed this up to date. To start with, my name is LI HUI and I am of the female gender. I was born in China and I have an undergraduate major in Finance. My undergraduate minor is management schience. I have been able to attend the University of Miami, QUFU University and also No. 1 High school of Tengzhou. I have had a number of internship experiences such as; being an intern in Hezhi Materials Trading Co. Ltd; Bank of China, Zaozhuang Bank and Weishan Xingda Materials Trading Co. Ltd. Throughout my internship, I have come to acquire some experiences such as identifying key performance indicators to inform and guide patron behavior and ultimately financial performance and also, the influence of police on the level of crime. In

Is our election process fair Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Is our election process fair - Essay Example This paper will highlight the unfairness that exists in the election process citing examples. The college vote is one of the critical aspects that determine whether a presidential candidate clinches the top seat or not. Contrary to many emerging democratic nations that rely on the popular vote, the American nation decides the president using the college vote. Apparently, all citizens participate in the popular vote of the president and vice president, but also elect a representative of each state to the Electoral College (Ryden 56). Usually, the individuals chosen as electors in the college are people who express allegiance to a certain party. In other cases, they operate under state laws that vary from state to state. It is worth noting that each of the 52 states has a different number of representatives in the Electoral College depending on their population. The Electoral College then determines who wins the presidential race. The candidate who secures a majority of the 538 college votes becomes the designated president. There is limited fairness in this process as will be discussed below. The popular vote is of little regard in the United States. However, it is of essence to highlight that the popular vote represents the opinion of each American who is eligible and chooses to vote. Despite the fact that the popular vote represents the voice of the majority, the elections system disregards it and relies on the college votes to determine the president. This is an indirect implication that an individual’s vote is irrelevant. Considering the 2000 presidential elections where Gore and Bush were competing for the top seat and Gore won the popular vote. However, the popular vote decided that Bush had won. The irony in this is that the majority voice represented by the popular vote had proved less significant. For the many people who voted in this election, this was unfair (Ryden 56). The Electoral College does not adequately represent the voice of the majori ty of the Americans. The electors are highly partial, and their opinion does not have to reflect the pledges they made to parties. This leaves them with the opportunity to vote according to individual preference. This compromises the level of democracy because 538 people shoulder the responsibility of electing a president for everyone. With the advancing level of understanding and participation in presidential debates, the defense that the electoral colleges serves as a fair opinion because of the level of information that the electors have is no longer valid. Majority of Americans exhibit the potential to hold an independent opinion contrary to buying the opinion of the national media. Although the media expresses its opinion on the preferred candidates, Americans know better than blindly buying the waves on popular media. This explains why the opinion expressed in the popular vote when electing the president needs consideration. The popular vote represents the opinion of 315,000,0 00 votes. Each of the electors in the college does not necessarily vote in conformity to the popular vote in their state (Rush, and Engstrom 66). It would be fair if the United States scrapped off the Electoral College. This would leave the popular vote to determine the candidate who wins the presidential race. The Electoral College superiority denies the people the free will of choice expected in a nation that claims to be a mature

Difference and Similarities of Chinese and European Expansion in the Essay

Difference and Similarities of Chinese and European Expansion in the 15th Century - Essay Example They have reached India, Arabia and Africa, fifty years before the Europeans decided it was time to learn about the world. The conquest of the Europeans are well known – in their explorations they have created contacts all over the world, from Africa, to the Americas, and finally in Asia. In an effort to create more profit for his country, Henry the Navigator sent out ships to explore new routes for the slave and gold trade. He sponsored numerous expeditions to discover the expanse of Muslim territories and he sought to find Christian allies in the distant lands. Other expeditions by European countries have discovered new territories which served as a new market for their own products as well as a source of cheap resource for various industries. Meanwhile in 1403, Ming emperor Zhu Di ordered the construction of an imperial fleet in order to find Jianwen’s escaped emperor. The fleet of warships was large enough to reopen trade with the western and southern regions which was first initiated during the Yuan Dynasty. Discovery of relics from the period showed that the Chinese ships were much bigger than their European counterparts which were typically 100 feet in length. Moreover, the Chinese ships were multi-masted for centuries while the Portuguese develop the technology only in the 15th century with their secret caravel design. The Chinese were also using watertight compartments years before the first European ship has set sail across the ocean. With regards to sail, Europeans used square rigs which ran good, until the upwind starts. Meanwhile, the Chinese have used fore-and-aft lugsails which allowed the ships to run efficiently even in an upwind. The Chinese have also developed the first magnetic compass, and later on, the true mariner’s compass which was used in their expeditions. In summary, when it comes to oceangoing ship technology, the Chinese were far ahead from the Europeans because they have been traversing ocean routes longer. Wh en it comes to navigation, however, the Europeans were far ahead, allowing them to discover new territories, open new trade partnership and colonize new lands. Another difference between the Chinese and European expeditions is the unified Chinese efforts. In European scenario, several countries were vying for territories and there was no single ruler directing the efforts of discovery. There were hundreds of principalities seeking for support. Meanwhile China was more centralized because it was the Ming emperor who directed and funded the expeditions. It is important to note, however, that Asia as a continent was not unified – there were no single rulers and tribes warred against each other. In both Ming China and 15th century Europe, external threats were abundant. Continental and maritime threat in China came from the Mongols in the north, the Annams in the south, Korea and Japan in the northeast. Meanwhile in Europe, Spain was relatively secure because of the land borders so its defense strategies focused in maritime. Britain, and Holland also focused in maritime. Only France and Germany were continental powers, hence, they did not develop maritime defense immediately. In both China and Europe maritime technology developed because of their need to defend the seas and to start

Why Democracy Fail in Pakistan Essay Example for Free

Why Democracy Fail in Pakistan Essay Executive Summary – Pakistan has been in quest for stable democratic system from its very inception. The process of its democratization has been slow and passive. Its nature has remained fragile. It has been showing high vulnerability towards non democratic interventions. Besides, it has been easily falling prey to non civilian forces. As a result, Pakistan has been continuously failing to offer what a democracy promises. Such pathetic scenario has various reasons behind it at all three levels: State, government and society. This Essay attempts to pin point and analyze the reasons behind such fragile and weak nature of democracy in Pakistan and extends recommendations along with identifying various means and players especially youth for strengthening democratic process in Pakistan to make it promising and delivering. Introduction. – From very its start, Pakistan has choiced democratic form of government for itself. Its founders had ardently supported and emphasized for democratic system that could ideally permeate the governance structure and body politic of Pakistan; Quaid Azam Muhammd Ali Jinnah’s speech at the Staff College on June 14, 1948 is the witness of his staunch support for democracy as corresponding structure for the polity of Pakistan to make it people friendly and welfare state. However, it is an other fact that Quaid Azam Muhammd Ali Jinnah himself laid the foundation of non-democratic trends through centralizing structure of Muslim Leauge, dissolving non democratically Sindh Assembly and Ministry of Khan Sahab in NWFP in 1948 . Despite all this, what he choiced and dreamt for Pakistan about system is undoubtedly democracy. But unfortunately being constitutionally a democratic country, Pakistan entirely fails to offer what constitutional democracies offer viz, sovereign parliament, free, fair and regular elections, supremacy of constitution, independent Judiciary, rule of law, civilian control over the armed forces, political life free from military involvement, safety to minority rights, provision of basic human needs and guarantee of freedoms of movement, expression, association and assembly. Contrary to dreams ,hopes and promises ,What Pakistan offers is the chequered history of democracy and unstable democratic process. Ironically, the country’s constitution has been abrogated twice (1958 and 1969) and suspended thrice (1977, 1999 and 2007) . More than half of its political life has been encroached by military generals. Five elected governments have been removed by army. Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto, the founder of political vibrancy, mass based politics and giver of Atomic power to Pakistan was ruthlessly executed through judicial murder. Ex-prime ministers, and Nawaz Sharif and Benazir Bhutto were exiled. Causes: Nothing exists without any reason in universe; creation of everything carries reason with itself. More ever, According to principle of â€Å"Cause and Effect† unless the root causes of any problem are not accurately identified and thoroughly diagnosed, problem can’t be solved on sustainable basis. Therefore, let’s find and discuss the causes behind such weak, vulnerable and dented face and status of democracy in Pakistan and try to reach at workable solutions. Colonial Inheritances and Institutional Imbalance. From time of its very creation, Pakistan has been experiencing institutional imbalance. Its roots go back to British period. Pakistan inherited administrative, political and legal legacies of British period . From political and adminstrative legacies point of view, Pakistan inherited high institutional imbalance characterized with strong and organized civil and military bureaucracies, weak1 Political institutions and non-democratic political parties. As a result, it lacked strong, dynamic and sustainable political institutions which could hold regular elections based on universal franchise, could build trust of masses into democracy, could protect democratic process against constitutional transgression and could provide a conducive environment for democracy to flourish and could correspond to desires and aspirations of masses. Muslim Leauge which is credited to creation of Pakistan was a movement not a well-structured and deeply rooted political entity2 that could offer post partition program, could counter the power of army and bureaucracy and could offer corresponding structure to desires and needs of masses after the partition. Besides, League was non democratic in its nature led by elitists3. Consequently, It could not produce first line aswell second line leadership embedded with love for democratic norms and values in particular and overall democratic culture in general . In this backdrop, administrative supremacy coupled with absence of elections based on universal franchise4 in particular and lack of democratic culture and process in general facilitated bureaucrats to rein the country from 1947 to 1958. Their periods is characterized with dummy and rubber stamped parliaments, abrupt and non democratic dissolutions of assemblies, political intrigues, bickering and quarrelling, inefficiency, abrupt and fast changes of regimes.

Parodies of Victorian Lifestyle Essay -- Alices Adventures in Wonderl

Parodies of Victorian Lifestyle in Adventures in Wonderland, Through the Looking Glass and What Alice Found      Ã‚     Ã‚  "It is no accident that the grotesque style in literature tends to be prevalent in eras marked by radical change and stress.   Such was the Victorian period, within which a whirl of social, economic, and religious change took place . . ." (Chang par. 2). This distorted writing can be unquestionably seen in the works of Lewis Carroll, namely his world famous pieces, Alice's Adventures in Wonderland and Through the Looking Glass and What Alice Found There (commonly known as "Alice in Wonderland" and "Through the Looking Glass").   In several instances throughout the Alice books, Carroll mocks Victorian lifestyle.   These parodies can be seen in Victorian growth and self-discovery, inventions, education, nutrition and drugs, and social classes.    The Victorian times were that of self-discovery and seeking order in the universe, so naturally it makes sense when Alice is not really sure of who she is.   The Caterpillar cannot accept Alice's lack of self-awareness when she states that she is unsure of whom she is.    "Who are you?" said the Caterpillar.   This was not an encouraging opening for a conversation.   Alice replied, rather shyly, "I -- I hardly know, Sir, just at present -- at least I know who I was when I got up this morning, but I think I must have been changed several times since then."   "What do you mean by that?" said the Caterpillar, sternly.   "Explain yourself!"   "I ca'n't explain myself, I'm afraid, Sir," said Alice, "because I'm not myself you see" (Alice in Wonderland ch. 5).    Alice concurs with several different characters in her two trips to wonderland.   "As Alice learns a gre... ...in Alice's Adventures in Wonderland." The Victorian Web (1995): four paragraphs. On-line. Internet. 18 April 2002. Available: http://www.landlow.stg.brown.edu/victorian/carroll/polisner.html    Voughon, Wendy. "Victorian Class Prejudices in the Alice Books." The Victorian Web (1993): one paragraph. On-line. Internet. 18 April 2002. Available: http://www.landlow.stg.brown.edu/victorian/carroll/aiwl2.html    Weber, Anya. "Food, Drink, and Public Health in the Alice Books." The Victorian Web (1995): four paragraphs. On- line. Internet. 18 April 2002. Available: http://www.landlow.stg.brown.edu/victorian/carroll/weber.html    Wong, Susan. "Class in the Garden of Live Flowers" The Victorian Web (1995): four paragraphs. On- line. Internet. 18 April 2002. Available: http://www.home.earthlink.net/~ifdean/carroll/wong1.html

Literary technique Essay

When one thinks of a lottery, they imagine winning a large sum of money. Shirley Jackson uses the setting in The Lottery to foreshadow an ironic ending. The peaceful and tranquil town described in this story has an annual lottery, and you can’t possibly guess what the â€Å"prize† isÂ…Â  The author foreshadows an ironic ending at the very beginning by establishing a cheerful setting. The story occurs â€Å"around ten o’clock† on June twenty-seventh, a time of day that is very bright and joyous and a time of year that is warm and makes people feel happy. The town’s physical setting also contributes to the overall â€Å"normal† feeling of the story. The grass is described as â€Å"richly green,† and the flowers are â€Å"blossoming profusely.† An ironic ending is also foretold by the town’s setting being described as one of normalcy. The town square is described as being â€Å"between the post office and the bank;† every normal town has these buildings, which are essential for day-to-day functioning. The townspeople also establish a normal, comfortable setting for the story. The children are doing what all typical kids do, playing boisterously and gathering rocks. The woman of the town are doing what all stereotypical females do, â€Å"exchang[ing] bits of gossip.† The men are being average males by chatting about boring day-to-day tasks like â€Å"planting and rain, tractors and taxes.† Despite this comfortable and normal setting, there are hints of the town’s unusualness that foreshadow a surprise ending. For example, the lottery is being held â€Å"around ten o’clock† in the morning, which is an unusual time because in most towns all the adults would be working during mid-morning. In addition, the author mentions a bank and post office as key buildings surrounding the town square, but what about a church or courthouse? Surely these two buildings would also be in any traditional town square! The lottery is compared to the town’s celebration of Halloween, not a joyous celebration such as Christmas or Valentine’s Day– but a rather dark, surreal, spooky, grotesque, and ominous holiday. The reader is told that school has let out for the summer, and yet the â€Å"feeling of liberty sits uneasily† with the children- which is strange, for no normal kid would be  anything less than ecstatic over summer break. Finally, the children are said to be building â€Å"a great pile of stones in one corner of the square,† which is a very strange â€Å"game† for children to playing. All of these hints indicate that something strange and unexpected is going to happen, and they all make sense once we discover the story’s final outcome. The introduction of the black box is a key turning point, giving the awful ominous answers to all those foreshadowing hints. When the black box is brought in, it’s said to be a tradition that â€Å"no one liked to upset.† The â€Å"villagers kept their distance† from the black box, as though they feared it. Also, when the black box is brought in, the mood and atmosphere of the residents noticeably changes. A â€Å"murmur of conversation† rolls through the crowd, and when the lottery official asks for help carrying the box, there’s a â€Å"hesitation† before two men step forward to assist him. More and more the town’s peculiarity begins to become apparent. For example, the names of certain residents hint at the irony and unfavorable events to come. Mr. Summers- the town clerk- has a last name that strangely coincides with the time of year- summertime. A Mr. Graves helps Mr. Summers store the black box for the lottery, which eerily predicts a future resting place. The ending of The Lottery totally contradicts the setting established by Jackson in the first paragraph. From the author’s extravagant detailing of the town, one would expect this â€Å"lottery† to be a chance for one lucky family to win some money. Instead, the winner’s â€Å"prize† is death-by stoning. The portrayal of the residents at the end of the story is quite disturbing– they go about killing the â€Å"winner† ritualistically, trying to â€Å"finish quickly.† They show no empathy at all– they’re simply following an ancient ritual. The lesson in this story hits pretty hard. The Lottery’s relationship to real life is that sometimes we are presented with traditions that have been adhered to for as long as anyone can remember, and we forget the reason these customs were created in the first place. (As Old Man Warner said,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"There’s always been a lottery.†) The problem is that circumstances can change and make these traditions outdated, useless, and even harmful. Think of the women trying to gain suffrage for their gender. If they had just let the tradition of only males voting continue, where would they lie in today’s society? We therefore must re-evaluate our traditions, questioning their original purpose; otherwise we’re just letting ourselves be stoned.

Farewell to Arms Is a Novel Without Hope

Ernest Hemingway’s novel ‘A Farewell to Arms’ shows the destitution of war and the hopelessness of life. Throughout times of hardship and despair, the need to believe in a better future is enhanced, and through the horrors of death and injury, Hemingway implies that all is hopeless. Attempts to find meaning through alcohol and sex proved unsuccessful, societies corruption highlights the absurdity of war, and the love Catherine and Henry felt for each other ended in horror. During the war, soldiers turned to the simple pleasures of live in a means finding hope and escaping the misery. The constant drinking and journeys to â€Å"bawdy houses† shows the change in moral standards as the need for meaning in life rises, and the social norms change from modesty to going to the â€Å"whorehouse before it shuts† This lowered standards as a result of the soldiers’ position leads the reader to understand that in war, there is no hope; the constant death and destruction leaves soldiers feeling as though they have no purpose in life. The routine death, to the point that a soldier dying is unimportant, shows the brutality of war on the emotions of men. The positive connotations of â€Å"only seven thousand† soldiers dying highlights the hopelessness of life and the need for an outlet from war. While in normal circumstance one could turn to religion as an answer for the reason behind war and how to alleviate oneself from the terror, Henry and his friends believe â€Å"all thinking men are atheists†, and interrupt the priest when he attempts to tell Henry about the Abbruzi. This disruption of spirituality affirms Hemingway’s belief in the falsehood of religion, and shows how in times of war, society changes itself and consequently, all hope of peace and happiness is lost. Once Henry injures himself and is forced to take leave from the war, it is evident to the reader that the world is corrupt, and it drags everyone with it. While in the hospital immediately following his knee being â€Å"blown to bits†, Rinaldi tries to make Henry realise his sacrifice and accept the rewards that come with it. Despite Henry protesting that he was â€Å"blown up† not during battle, but when he was â€Å"eating cheese†, Rinaldi still believes that Henry could â€Å"get a silver† medal of honour. Even though he knew that he had done nothing courageous or even brave, but was rather injured in the most banal way possible, Henry was still able to receive an award that was meant for those who had made a significant sacrifice in war. This medal was meant for the type of hero Hemingway believed in; one that displayed acts of courage, endurance and stoicism. Hemingway, through Henry, implies that he does not believe in the glorification of war, as he sees it as an incentive for people to continue fighting. This continuation of war only leads to more despair, and ultimately, a life devoid of hope and meaning. vidence Much like in the hospital, at the races, Hemingway once again shows the reader the corruption of the world and the hopelessness that is brought about as a result of it. When Catherine and Henry realise that the race is corrupt and one horse is assured of victory, they decide to â€Å"pool† all their money together and back it. Although once they do not win as much as they hoped, their mindset towards cheating is reversed, and suddenly, Catherine â€Å"does not like this crooked† racing. It can be concluded that people don’t care about the unauthenticity of life, as long as it benefits them. Even Catherine, a woman used to balance Henry’s faults and teach him lessons as a result of her loss, is dragged into the corruption of the world. These acts of corruption highlight the inability of man to act in a truly righteous way, and extinguish all hope of an honest society. While there is an overall feeling of hopelessness, some can be found in the relationship between Henry and Catherine. Their love inspires them to look towards the future, planning and hoping to â€Å"go somewhere† when â€Å"the war is over†. While the â€Å"many long nights in Milan† provided the couple with everlasting memories and hope for the future, the inevitable, and sudden, ending of their relationship further reinforces Hemingway’s view of a hopeless society. The single emotion that can provide some sense of hope and prospect for the future inflicts more pain than any other as a result of the passion and intensity of love the couple felt for each other. When Henry hears the news of Catherine’s haemorrhage and that the death of the woman he loves is imminent, he tries anything possible to end her pain, even turning to religion, a belief he had criticised on many occasion. Even though he believed that he had â€Å"outlived (his) religious feeling†, he pleaded with god to not â€Å"let her die† The repetition of this prayer allows the reader to see the maturity Henry has develop; he has turned from a man who was in a relationship purely because he wanted to â€Å"play the game†, into someone with empathy and real care for a woman. The joy of â€Å"waking and not knowing who it was† with him had left him, and he had developed true affection for Catherine. The strong connection the couple shared made Catherine’s death even more difficult, and reinforces the harsh view of society that Hemingway believed. Death’s winged chariot† took all that had meaning from Henry’s life, and left him a â€Å"cracked† and â€Å"broken† man in a world that was ‘cooked’. ‘A Farewell to Arms’ predominately presents a hopeless and cynical view of the war and life itself, but hope doe s appear as a result of the love between Henry and Catherine. Hope is seen as futile through the soldiers’ actions, the corruption of the world, and the inevitable heartache as a result of Catherine’s death and from this it is evident that the only bit of justice left in the world is love, assuming that it too is not dragged down by war.

Strategic Analysis (SWOT and Five Forces) of Amazon Inc The WritePass Journal

Strategic Analysis (SWOT and Five Forces) of Amazon Inc 1.0 Introduction Strategic Analysis (SWOT and Five Forces) of Amazon Inc 1.0 Introduction2.0 Unique Market Position3.0 Micro environment analysis using Porter’s five forces.4.0 Amazon SWOT Analysis5.0 Strategic Direction6.0 Strategic position-Differentiation or cost leadership7.0Â  ConclusionReferences and BibliographyRelated 1.0 Introduction Amazon.com provides a wide catalogue of products and services to different consumer groups. Below is the detailed analysis of Amazon’s resources, capabilities, distinctiveness and networks. 2.0 Unique Market Position According to Motoko and Stone (2010) Amazon has the distinctive position of being the largest online book seller and e book seller in the United States. Its catalogue has a wide range of products and services for its customers (Amazon.com). It must be noted that this is not a unique offering if compared to its rivals like e-bay, Barnes and Noble, Waterstones and WH Smith. Its distinctiveness comes from two things: Unique position compared to rivals Success of Kindle e reader Amazon possesses a first mover advantage as it has access to vital resources plus ability to develop networks that is very difficult to replicate (Grant 2008). Amazon has a strong brand presence because of its continuous innovation and twenty month head start over its competition. Over a period of time it has acquired vital customer behaviour information, easy demand pattern forecasting and industry standards others have to compete with (Mellahi and Johnson 2000). An added advantage is psychological switching costs because of its early lead. Amazon’s wholesale model is another feature of its uniqueness. Due to this it is able to set consumer prices as Amazon makes wholesale purchases. Competition is suppressed and new entrants face a hard time because of its heavy discounted prices. The Kindle e reader has made a huge presence in the market because of its light weight and soothing continuous readability handling. According to Stross (2010) Kindle lets you do reading perfectly. However competing e readers are providing coloured screens and multitasking features too. A perceptual map highlighting Amazon’s Kindle is shown below: In this figure if we see Amazon’s kindle is placed in the third quadrant which is specialist and black and white screen. 3.0 Micro environment analysis using Porter’s five forces. This has already been discussed in the first question. However bargaining power of buyers and suppliers is not discussed. Bargaining Power of Buyers Bargaining power of buyers is really high as there are many ways to buy books and cd’s online provided the options of Barnes and Nobles website and Apple’s i tunes. But Amazon has a high customer loyalty as it attracts customers by offering low prices (Chaffey 2009). Bargaining Power of Suppliers Amazon has a very favourable relationship with publishers because of the wholesale model it uses allowing it to set the price for the consumer. Some time back when Amazon was not buying directly from main distributors. They wanted to sell the products below market price as Sony and Panasonic didn’t do direct selling. However Amazon had a unique position and advantage as it came up with its own distribution centres. 4.0 Amazon SWOT Analysis Major strength for Amazon is its first mover advantage, access to resources, capabilities, networks that allow them to suppress the competition. This strength feeds into its greater market share and bargaining power with its publishers plus a wholesale model lot leading to high sales volumes. Weakness of Amazon is its very little bricks and mortar presence in comparison to its competitors. Thus, buyer is not able to have a first-hand experience of the product until purchased (Bossman 2010). This can have an effect on the sales of Kindle online as buyers may have some concerns. The proprietary format followed for e books is also a weakness as there is a demand for more choice and scope from customers. Below is a diagrammatic representation of SWOT analysis. 5.0 Strategic Direction With regards to Amazon’s Kindle its strategic direction should be market penetration through more advertising and marketing programs and better price options. Market penetration leads to a high market share and profitability in an identified market (Jobber and Fahy 2006). Amazon can move into the empty quadrant in the figure 1 by providing a coloured screen. This product development approach will make it more competitive in the dynamic market. 6.0 Strategic position-Differentiation or cost leadership Amazon has its strategic position over Kindle by differentiating it and positioning it as a best for reading product in the market. If the market demands Amazon can move into the first quadrant of the perceptual map by conducting more research. This will manoeuvre Amazon in a position that is distinctive, advantageous and in line with consumer needs (Doyle and Stern 2006). Amazon’s market leading position offers resource capability for cost leadership which further complements its price leadership strategy. 7.0Â  Conclusion It is evident that Amazon occupies a unique position in the market. Amazon currently is focussing on being a market leader in providing a product that is best for reading although acknowledging the craze for colour screen and multipurpose features offered by competitors. Based on its strengths it can focus on market penetration with innovative products and add ons like colour screen plus multipurpose functions. Combining this with its price leading strategy will lead to more growth and profits. References and Bibliography Motoko R and Stone B., 2010. Amazon threatens publishers as Apple looms. The New York Times. Grant R., 2008. Contemporary strategy analysis, Blackwell publishing Mellahi, K and Johnson, M., 2000. Does it pay to be a first mover in ecommerce? The case of Amazon.com. Management Decision [online] Vol.38, Issue 7. , p445, 8p .Available through: Business source complete database. [Accessed 11 March 2011]. Stross R., 2010. The Specialist vs. the Multi-tasker. The New York Times Dave Chaffey. (2009). Amazon.com case study. Available: davechaffey.com/E-commerce-Internet-marketing-case-studies/Amazon-case-study.[ accessed 12th March 2011]. Bossman J., 2010b. Barnes and Noble planning big push to increase Nook sales. The New York Times Jobber D and Fahy J., 2006. Foundations of Marketing.2nd Edn McGraw-Hill, London. Doyle P and Stern P., 2006. Marketing Management and Strategy.4th Edn. Pearson Education ltd, Harlow

7Heaven Technology Management Strategies

7Heaven Technology Management Strategies Introduction Innovative technology is one of the most highly appreciated and developing industries in the world. Having achieved many goals, it is essential to consider the fact that this industry is too young and it needs a lot of achievement and other specific inventions in the future. Looking at the UAE and the companies located there, it may be said that this country is one of the most occupied by the IT technologically directed organizations.Advertising We will write a custom proposal sample on 7Heaven Technology Management Strategies specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Basing its business in UAE, many corporations offer outsourcing and IT solutions for the business needs all over the world. Speaking about the demand on such services, it should be remembered that modern world is impossible without innovative technologies, the Internet has occupied all the spheres and industries, therefore, the innovative technologies and the compani es which help to cope with the appeared problems are the essential parts of human life. The Company Overview and the Industry 7Heaven Technology is the company which offers innovative products and services for use as well as outsourcing for the world companies. 7Heaven Technology offers services, products, and delivers outsourcing. Loyaltimate, Pro-Man, and eZ-Mall are the products offered by the company. The services the company offers are business solutions development, website development and website and SaaS hosting. The outsourcing services offered by the company are book keeping and auditing, hardware, networking and AMC, and IT offshore services. Being the central services of the company, they create deserving competition in the industry. 7Heaven Technology is the corporation which unites many smaller companies which are responsible for its own sphere. It is essential to remember that the innovative technology industry is developing one and there are a lot of companies which serve at the market with the same products and services. To be the best, 7Heaven Technology has to apply to various strategies which are essential for the company and its further leading in the industry. Many companies have understood that it is cheaper to outsource some particular IT services than to produce them personally. Inventory management system, quick invoice management system, and quick and easy accounting solution are the services 7Heaven Technology offers. The company was launched in 2011 in UAE, and since that time the 7Heaven Technology has become the leader in the service delivery in the Middle Eastern market (7Heaven Technology). The industry of IT technologies is developing. There are a lot of various companies which offer different services and there are even more those which are ready to consume those services. Speaking about UAE and IT industry, it may be concluded that the sale of IT products have increased in comparison to the previous year (Dubai’s IT m arket has grown to AED 113 billion in 2011). Even though many companies still recover from crisis, other corporations refer to outsourcing of the IT technologies as it is cheaper and more profitable.Advertising Looking for proposal on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Key Competitors Having conducted a thorough research in the industry, it may be concluded that 7Heaven Technology has several rivals, Exceed IT Services and DIC are some of them. Looking at the situation in UAE, it should be mentioned that the impressive expansion in Dubai of the IT industry and the increase of the number of the companies which offer these services are the main characteristics of the region. Data storage and processing are the central competing issues in UAE and companies strive for consumers. The increase of the competition might create serious problems for the company, however, the specific measures were taken. To r emain equally useful companies with particular consumers and profitable income, the Dubai Outsource Zone was established with the purpose â€Å"to take advantage of the growing potential the segment offers† (UAE: Dubai Outsourcing IT Industry). One of the main strengthens of the company among its competitors is its wide range of services. Turning to 7Heaven Technology, clients are eager to find all the necessary IT services and products which may be necessary. Effective use of business technology is the main criteria of the company advantage. Company Business Excellence and Quality Management Strategy Speaking about business excellence of 7Heaven Technology, it is important to define the term. Business excellence is the notion which characterizes various business models and processes which support the company goal to achieve success in performance. Quality management strategy is a particular strategy aimed at understanding the specifics of the company strategy which presuppos es completing excellent business. It is obvious that all these processes are dependant, and if the company fails to deal with one process successfully, it is impossible to wait for the best outcome. Quality management is based on three specific principles, people, consumer, and process orientation. Quality management is directed at the activities which ensure â€Å"continuous improvement of the performance of the company† and create the conditions â€Å"needed in order to satisfy the stakeholders in the company by providing excellent performance and results† (Pfeifer 41). Analyzing 7Heaven Technology from the point of view business excellence and quality management, it is important to check how the company deals with its customers, what the processes are and how they are completed. After that the recommendations may be offered in the sphere under discussion.Advertising We will write a custom proposal sample on 7Heaven Technology Management Strategies specifical ly for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More As it has already been stated the company deals with three directions, services, products and outsourcing. Each of these spheres is interconnected with each other as the outsourcing and services are based on the IT technologies and products offered by the company. Providing its services, 7Heaven Technology applied to the Loyalty Program to retain existing consumers and to attract new ones. Additionally, this Loyalty Program allows the company to understand the buying behavior of customers and sell the issues which they want to buy. Additionally, being the part of the quality management, Loyalty Program is aimed at attracting new vendors and promoting their brands (7Heaven Technology). Offering customers Property Management Software Pro-Man, the company tries to assure that the companies work effectively. 7Heavenn Technology offers several packages depending on the customers’ needs. eZ-Mall is â€Å"a complete s olution for Mall Management Companies to setup and manage their operations based on industry standard processes† (7Heaven Technology). To make sure that the company pursues business excellence, it is important to consider its relation to the customers. The mission of the 7Heavenn Technology is to satisfy the needs of clients. Key Resources and Capabilities The key resources of the company lie in the innovative technologies and their appropriate use. Applying to the safety of the company, it should be stated that 7Heaven Technology is driven by the creativity o its staff, therefore the employees in the company are highly apprised. It is also essential to say that the company pursues the goal to complete task with minimal expense. This is one of the leading outsourcing issues which are considered as the most important ones. However, sometimes the problem of quality appears. Therefore, it is essential to remember about the pieces of advice in relation to company quality managemen t and business excellence which are going to be discussed. Distinctive Competencies and Potential Sources of Sustainable Competitive Advantage Dwelling upon the advantages of the company, it is important to remember the loyalty program, fast and quality service delivery, immediate and professional feedback. The company’s priority before other companies lies in the fusion on the services and products. 7Heavenn Technology does not offer one particular product or services, it offers many services and many products along with outsourcing facilities.Advertising Looking for proposal on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Therefore, turning to the company, a consumer may get the full package of services one needs. The distinctive competencies of the 7Heavenn Technology is its guarantee of the security of customer’s information. Offering book keeping and auditing the company makes sure that all the data the clients provide the company with are going to be highly secured. So, respect to the customers and the ability to meet their needs along with the specific information security strategies are the main priorities of 7Heavenn Technology. Recommendations To achieve the business excellence, the company is to pay attention to its weaknesses and to use its strengths in dealing with them. Having considered the company competitors, resources and strategies used for company management, it is possible to recommend referring to the EFQM Excellence Model. The main idea of this strategy lies in outsourcing the management practices which are based on eight fundamental concepts. Here is an analysis of these concepts from the point of view of the company strategy and the recommendations to the company further actions. The company should achieve balanced results. Offering services, products and outsourcing facilities, the company should make sure that the demand on these specific issues is balanced. Furthermore, the company should add value to the consumers. There are many strategies aimed at completing this task. The company should pay more attention at promoting and advertising on order to complete this stage. Furthermore, it is important to remain a leading company with vision, inspiration and integrity. Being an IT corporation which depends on the creativity of human resources, it is essential to be the leader in the industry as the innovations change and the first company which has managed to invent something new gets a prize, more customers. It may be stated that some of the concepts of the EFQM Excellence Model are met which helps to draw a conclusion that the company is on the co rrect way, still, it needs some particular changes to be made. 7Heaven Technology is an IT company, therefore, the concept of managing by processes is followed. The company also succeeds through people as human resource is one of the main parameter in successful work of the company. Nurturing creativity and innovation are the most essential processes in the company management, therefore, these concepts are met. However, the company should encourage employees for more and better work. Creativity is an inevitable aspect of the work, the company must be creative to be able to serve its customers and offer them constantly new services which are going to be useful to them. The company builds partnerships as it is too difficult to offer outsourcing services individually. The company should be guaranteed by support from other corporations in order to secure itself from customer dissatisfaction and to make sure that it has all the necessary resources for completing the task. 7Heaven Technol ogy is responsible for its sustainable future as it has a desire to develop and increase its consumer base (Hakes 255). 7Heaven Technology company presents its services in IT industry, therefore, fast and quality delivery of the services and immediate reaction if any problem appears is an obligation for the company. The company managers understand that in case all the processes work successfully, the particular needs of the quality management are met as well as requirements of the business excellence. Conclusion Therefore, it should be concluded that 7Heavenn Technology is a relatively new company which has managed to gain positive image in the IT industry and the attention of the clients. However, in the highly competitive environment, it has many rivals and to cope with them the company should change some strategies. Quality management and business excellence models discussed above are the most effective ones as on the one hand, they help organize the work of the company on an app ropriate level and on the other hand, it assists the customers and meeting their needs. The recommendations offered for the further company development are to be followed, otherwise, it is going to be difficult to for 7Heaven Technology to position themselves at the Eastern market and to become serious competitors to the enterprise which have been developing in the industry for many years and who have already got regular customers and who feel secured in the competitive world. â€Å"7Heaven Technology.† 2012. Web. 7heaventech.com/ â€Å"Dubai’s IT market has grown to AED 113 billion in 2011.† Dubai Chamber. 18 Dec. 2012. Web. dubaichamber.com/whats-happening/chamber_news/dubai%E2%80%99s-it-market-has-grown-to-aed-113-billion-in-2011 Hakes, Chris. The EFQM Excellence Model to Assess Organizational Performance: A Management Guide. New Jersey: Van Haren Publishing, 2007. Print. Pfeifer, Tilo. Quality Management. New Jersey: Hanser Verlag, 2002. Print. â€Å"UAE: Dubai Outsourcing IT Industry.† Global Arab Network, 31 March 2011. Web.

Brief History and Geography of Tibet

Brief History and Geography of Tibet The Tibetan Plateau is a huge region of southwestern China consistently above 4000 meters. This region that was a thriving independent kingdom that began in the eighth century and developed into an independent country in the twentieth century is now under the firm control of China. Persecution of the Tibetan people and their practice of Buddhism is widely reported. History Tibet closed its borders to foreigners in 1792, keeping the British of India (Tibets southwestern neighbor) at bay until the British desire for a trade route with China caused them to take Tibet by force in 1903. In 1906 the British and Chinese signed a peace treaty that gave Tibet to the Chinese. Five years later, the Tibetans expelled the Chinese and declared their independence, which lasted until 1950. In 1950, shortly after Mao Zedongs communist revolution, China invaded Tibet. Tibet pleaded for assistance from the United Nations, the British, and the newly independent Indians for assistance to no avail. In 1959 a Tibetan uprising was squelched by the Chinese and the leader of the theocratic Tibetan government, the Dalai Lama, fled to Dharamsala, India and created a government-in-exile. China administered Tibet with a firm hand, prosecuting Tibetan Buddhists and destroying their places of worship, especially during the time of the Chinese Cultural Revolution (1966-1976). After Maos death in 1976, the Tibetans gained limited autonomy although many of the Tibetan government officials installed were of Chinese nationality. The Chinese government has administered Tibet as the Autonomous Region of Tibet (Xizang) since 1965. Many Chinese have been financially encouraged to move to Tibet, diluting the effect of the ethnic Tibetans. Its likely that the Tibetans will become a minority in their land within a few years. The total population of Xizang is approximately 2.6 million. Additional uprisings occurred throughout the next few decades and martial law was imposed upon Tibet in 1988. The Dalai Lamas efforts to work with China toward solving problems to bring peace to Tibet earned him the Nobel Peace Prize in 1989. Through the work of the Dalai Lama, the United Nations has called upon China to consider giving the Tibetan people a right to self-determination. In recent years, China has been spending billions to improve the economical outlook for Tibet by encouraging tourism and trade to the region. The Potala, the former seat of the Tibetan government and the home of the Dalai Lama is a major attraction in Lhasa. Culture The Tibetan culture is an ancient one that includes the Tibetan language and a specific Tibetan style of Buddhism. Regional dialects vary across Tibet so the Lhasa dialect has become the Tibetan lingua franca. Industry Industry was non-existent in Tibet prior to the Chinese invasion and today small industries are located in the capital of Lhasa (2000 population of 140,000) and other towns. Outside of cities, the indigenous Tibetan culture is comprised primarily of nomads, farmers (barley and root vegetables are primary crops), and forest dwellers. Due to the cold dry air of Tibet, grain can be stored for up to 50 to 60 years and butter (yak butter is the perennial favorite) can be stored for a year. Disease and epidemics are rare on the dry high plateau, which is surrounded by the worlds tallest mountains, including Mount Everest in the south. Geography Though the plateau is rather dry and receives an average of 18 inches (46 cm) of precipitation each year, the plateau is the source for major rivers of Asia, including the Indus River. Alluvial soils comprise the terrain of Tibet. Due to the high altitude of the region, the seasonal variation in temperature is rather limited and the diurnal (daily) variation is more important- the temperature in Lhasa can range as much as -2 F to 85 F (-19 C to 30 C). Sandstorms and hailstorms (with hail of tennis-ball size) are problems in Tibet. (A special classification of spiritual magicians was once paid to ward off the hail.) Thus, the status of Tibet remains in question. Will the culture be diluted by the influx of Chinese or will Tibet once again become Free and independent?